Type of Insulators Used in Transmission linesThere are 5 types of insulators used in transmission lines as overhead insulation: Pin Insulator Suspension Insulator Strain Insulator Stay Insulator Shackle InsulatorPin, Suspension, and Strain insulators are used in medium to high voltage systems. While Stay and Shackle Insulators are mainly used in low voltage applications.Pin InsulatorPin insulators are the earliest developed overhead insulator, but are still commonly used in power networks up to

What is an Electrical Insulator?An electrical insulator (also referred to as an insulator) is used in an electrical system to prevent unwanted flow of current to the earth from its supporting points. The insulator plays a vital role in the electrical system. An electrical insulator is a very high resistive path through which practically no current can flow.In transmission and distribution systems, the overhead conductors are generally supported by supporting towers or poles. The towers and poles

We can first go through the description of dielectric materials. It actually does not conduct electricity. They are insulators having very low electrical conductivity. So we have to know the difference between dielectric material and insulating material. The difference is that insulators block the flow of current but the dielectrics accumulate electrical energy. In capacitors, it performs as electrical insulators.Next, we can come to the topic. The dielectric properties of insulation include bre

Basic Insulation Level DefinitionWhen lightning impulse over voltage appears in the system, it is discharged through surge protecting devices before the equipments of the system gets damaged. Hence, the insulation of such equipment must be designed to withstand a certain minimum voltage before the lightning impulse over voltage gets discharged through surge protecting devices. Therefore, operating voltage level of surge protecting devices must be lower than the said minimum voltage withstanding

Design of Foundation of Transmission Towers in Different Soils All foundation shall be of RCC. The design and construction of RCC structures shall be carried out as per IS:456 and minimum grade of concrete shall be M-20. Limit state method of design shall be adopted. Cold twisted deformed bars as per IS:1786 or TMT bars shall be used as reinforcement. Foundations shall be designed for the critical loading combination of the steel structure and or equipment and/or superstructure. If required prot

Foundation of any structure plays an important role in safety and satisfactory performance of the structure as it transmits mechanical loads of the electrical transmission system to earth. A transmission structure Without having a sound and safe foundation, it cannot perform the functions for which it has been designed. The foundations in various types of soils have to be designed to suit the soil conditions of particular type.In addition to foundations of normal towers, there are situations whe

There are four main methods of the erection of steel transmission towers which are described below: Build-up method or Piecemeal method. Section method. Ground assembly method. Helicopter method.Build Up Method of Transmission Tower ErectionThis method is most commonly used in India for the erection of 6.6 kV, 132 kV, 220 kV, and 400 kV transmission line towers due to the following advantages : Tower materials can be supplied to the site in a knocked down conditions which facilitates easier and

What is a Transmission Tower?A transmission tower (also known as a power transmission tower, power tower, or electricity pylon) is a tall structure (usually a steel lattice tower) used to support an overhead power line. In electrical grids, they are used to carry high voltage transmission lines that transport bulk electric power from generating stations to electrical substations; utility poles are used to support lower-voltage sub-transmission and distribution lines that transport power from sub

Formation of Bus Admittance Matrix (Ybus)S1, S2, S3 are net complex power injections into bus 1, 2, 3 respectivelyy12, y23, y13 are line admittances between lines 1-2, 2-3, 1-3y01sh/2, y02sh/2, y03sh/2 are half-line charging admittance between lines 1-2, 1-3 and 2-3The half-line charging admittances connected to the same bus are at same potential and thus can be combined into oneIf we apply KCL at bus 1, we haveWhere, V1, V2, V3 are voltage values at bus 1, 2, 3 respectivelyWhere,Similarly by ap

Reason of Transmission Line InductanceGenerally, electric power is transmitted through the transmission line with AC high voltage and current. High valued alternating current while flowing through the conductor sets up magnetic flux of high strength with alternating nature. This high valued alternating magnetic flux makes a linkage with other adjacent conductors parallel to the main conductor. Flux linkage in a conductor happens internally and externally. Internally flux linkage is due to self-c