Substations are critical facilities in power systems used for voltage transformation, power distribution, and controlling the flow of electricity. Their primary functions include:Voltage TransformationSubstations use transformers to convert high voltage electricity to lower voltages, or vice versa, to meet the needs of different users and equipment.Power DistributionSubstations transmit electricity from power plants to various consumption areas, ensuring a stable and reliable power supply.Power

Impact of Temperature Changes on Transformer PerformanceThe influence of temperature changes on transformer performance is mainly reflected in the following aspects:Insulation Material Aging High Temperature: High temperatures accelerate the aging of internal insulation materials in transformers, reducing their insulating properties and increasing the risk of faults. Low Temperature: Low temperatures can make insulation materials brittle, leading to cracks, which also affects insulation effectiv

What is a smart switchgear?A smart switchgear is a kind of electrical equipment that integrates advanced sensor technology, communication technology, automatic control technology, and intelligent analysis technology, etc., to carry out intelligent upgrades on traditional switchgears. It is mainly used for the distribution, control, and protection of electrical energy in the power system. The following is a detailed introduction from aspects such as its functional characteristics, structural comp

Reasons for Using Concrete in SubstationsSubstations utilize concrete for multiple reasons, primarily concerning structural stability, safety, durability, and economic efficiency. Below are detailed explanations of these specific reasons:1. Structural Stability and Load-Bearing Capacity High Strength: Concrete has high compressive strength, enabling it to support the weight of large electrical equipment within the substation (such as transformers) and withstand external loads (like wind forces o

Principles of the Half-Deflection MethodThe Half-Deflection Method is a technique used to measure the internal resistance of a galvanometer. This method is adopted primarily because it is relatively simple and does not require additional precision instruments or complex circuit setups. Below are the reasons for using the half-deflection method along with its underlying principles:Basic Principles of the Half-Deflection MethodInitial State: First, connect the galvanometer to a known voltage sourc

Applications of Current Transformers in Industrial SettingsCurrent Transformers (CTs) play a crucial role in industrial applications, primarily used for measuring and protecting power systems that handle large currents. Below are the main uses of current transformers:1. MeasurementHigh-Precision Monitoring: CTs can proportionally convert large primary currents to smaller secondary currents, allowing standard measurement instruments (such as ammeters and wattmeters) to safely and accurately measu

A Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) protects people from electric shock by continuously monitoring the electrical current in a circuit. Its operation principle is as follows:1. Monitoring Current Balance: Inside a GFCI device, there is a current transformer or similar sensor that monitors the current in both the hot (live) wire and the neutral wire simultaneously. Under normal conditions, the current in these two wires should be equal but opposite in direction; the current flowing into the

Purpose of Sealing Oil Systems in Thermal Power PlantsIn thermal power plants, the sealing oil system (Sealing Oil System) is primarily used to ensure the normal operation of hydrogen-cooled generators. Specifically, the sealing oil system's main purpose is to prevent hydrogen leakage from the generator and to stop outside air from entering the generator. Below are the detailed uses and functions of the sealing oil system:1. Preventing Hydrogen Leakage Hydrogen Cooling: Many large generators use

What Maintenance Does a Solar Micro-Inverter Need?A solar micro-inverter is used to convert the DC power generated by photovoltaic (PV) panels into AC power, with each panel typically equipped with its own micro-inverter. Compared to traditional string inverters, micro-inverters offer higher efficiency and better fault isolation. To ensure their long-term stable operation, regular maintenance is crucial. Below are the main maintenance tasks for solar micro-inverters:1. Cleaning and Inspection Cl

What is a Ground Fault Overcurrent Relay in a Substation?A ground fault overcurrent relay is a protective device used to detect and protect against ground faults (also known as earth faults or single-phase ground faults) in power systems. It plays a crucial role in substations, ensuring the safety and reliability of the system.1. Working PrincipleThe primary function of a ground fault overcurrent relay is to monitor current imbalances in the power system, particularly detecting zero-sequence cur