Capacitor Bank DefinitionA capacitor bank is defined as a group of capacitors used to store and release electrical energy in a power system, helping to improve power quality.System Voltage ToleranceCapacitor banks must operate smoothly at up to 110% of the rated peak phase voltage and 120% of the rated RMS phase voltage.KVAR RatingCapacitor unit are normally rated with its KVAR ratings. Standard capacitor unit available at market, are typically rated with either of following KVAR rating.50 KVAR,

What is a Shunt Capacitor?Shunt Capacitor DefinitionA shunt capacitor is defined as a device used to improve power factor by providing capacitive reactance to counteract inductive reactance in electrical power systems.Power Factor CompensationShunt capacitors help improve the power factor, which reduces line losses and improves voltage regulation in power systems.Capacitor BankThe capacitor reactance is generally applied to the system by using static capacitor in shut or series with system. Inst

What is What is Synchronous Condenser?Synchronous Condenser DefinitionA synchronous condenser is defined as a synchronous motor running without a mechanical load, used to improve the power factor of power systems.Improving Power FactorSuppose due to a reactive load of the power system the system draws a current Ithree phase synchronous motorL from the source at a lagging angle θL in respect of voltage. Now the motor draws a IM from the same source at a leading angle θM.Now the total current draw

What is the Measurement of Insulation Resistance?Insulation Resistance DefinitionInsulation resistance is defined as the ratio of applied direct voltage across an insulation to the current through it.Importance of Measurement Direct-indicating ohmmeter with hand driven dc generator. This is locally known as hand driven megger since Megger is one of the best known manufacturer of this instrument. Direct-indicating ohmmeter with motor driven dc generator. This is locally known as motorized megger.

What is Electrical Insulator Testing?Electrical Insulator DefinitionAn electrical insulator is defined as a device that resists the flow of electric current, providing protection and ensuring safety in electrical systems.Causes of Insulator FailureCracking, defective materials, porosity, improper glazing, flashover, and mechanical stress are primary causes of insulator failure.Testing of InsulatorsFlashover tests of insulatorPower Frequency Dry Flashover Test of Insulator First the insulator to

What is Insulation Coordination in Power System?Insulation Coordination DefinedInsulation coordination is the strategic arrangement of electrical insulation to minimize system damage and ensure easy repairs in case of failure.System VoltagesUnderstanding nominal and maximum system voltages is crucial for designing a power system’s insulation to handle different operational conditions.Nominal System VoltageNominal System Voltage is the phase to phase voltage of the system for which the system is

Insulator Types DefinitionThere are five main types of insulators used in transmission lines: Pin, Suspension, Strain, Stay, and Shackle. Pin Insulator Suspension Insulator Strain Insulator Stay Insulator Shackle InsulatorPin, Suspension, and Strain insulators are used in medium to high voltage systems. While Stay and Shackle Insulators are mainly used in low voltage applications.Pin InsulatorPin insulators are the first type of overhead insulators developed and are still widely used in power n

What is Basic Insulation Level ?Basic Insulation Level DefinitionWhen lightning impulse over voltage occurs, surge protection devices discharge it to prevent damage to the system’s equipment. The equipment’s insulation must withstand a certain minimum voltage before this discharge happens. Thus, surge protection devices must operate below this minimum voltage level. This minimum voltage is defined as the Basic Insulation Level (BIL) of electrical equipment.The voltage withstanding capacity of al

Foundation Design DefinitionThe foundation design for transmission towers involves creating stable bases using RCC, designed to withstand various loads and soil conditions.Different Soil TypesTransmission tower foundations must adapt to different soil types like black cotton soil, fissured rock, and sandy soil, each requiring unique construction methods.Dry Fissured RockFoundations in dry fissured rock need special considerations like undercuts and anchor bars for stability.Stability FactorsEnsu

What is Transmission Tower Foundation?Transmission Tower Foundation DefinitionA transmission tower foundation is defined as the base that supports the tower and transfers loads to the ground.Typesof LoadsThe foundation of towers are normally subjected to three types of forces. These are: The compression or downward thrust. The tension or uplift. The lateral forces of side thrusts in both transverse and longitudinal directions. The magnitude or limit loads for foundations should be taken 10% high