DefinitionConducting a full - load test on a small transformer is quite convenient. However, when it comes to large transformers, this task becomes extremely challenging. The maximum temperature rise in a large transformer is typically determined through a full - load test. This particular test is also known as the back - to - back test, regenerative test, or Sumpner’s test.Finding a suitable load that can absorb the full - load power of a large transformer is not an easy feat. As a result, a si

One method for detecting SF6 gas leakage in a substation is to use a reliable infrared camera with SF6 gas detection capabilities. This enables the identification of potential leaks during routine maintenance rounds. These new - generation infrared cameras integrate a high - performance thermal imager with a reliable pistol - grip form factor and SF6 gas detection functionality.These devices offer several advantages over other methods, as detailed below:They allow maintenance to be scheduled at

Lightning impulse voltage (LIWL) tests and switching impulse voltage tests are carried out to assess the dielectric stress resulting from transient over - voltages induced by lightning strikes and switching operations respectively. An impulse voltage generator produces a steep - front voltage waveform, which is then applied to the test object. A measurement system, consisting of a voltage divider and a digital recorder, is used to measure and analyze the test voltages and their waveforms.The fig

What is Fluxmeter？DefinitionA flux meter is an instrument designed to measure the magnetic flux of a permanent magnet. It represents an advanced iteration of the ballistic galvanometer, boasting certain advantages. Specifically, the flux meter features low controlling torque and significant electromagnetic damping.Construction of Flux MeterThe construction of the flux meter is depicted in the figure below. The flux meter incorporates a coil that is freely suspended using a spring and a single si

What is Creeping in Energy Meter？DefinitionCreeping in an energy meter is a phenomenon where the aluminium disc rotates continuously when only voltage is applied to the pressure coil and no current flows through the current coil. In essence, it is an error causing the energy meter to consume a minute amount of energy even when no load is connected to the meter.Impact and Causes of CreepingCreeping can increase the disc's rotation speed even under light - load conditions, leading to inflated mete

Definition：An earth tester is an instrument designed for measuring the resistance of the earth. In a power system, all equipment is connected to the earth via an earth electrode. The earth plays a vital role in safeguarding both the equipment and personnel from fault currents. The resistance of the earth is extremely low, allowing the fault current passing through the earth electrode to be safely dissipated into the ground, thus protecting the power system from damage.Earth electrodes are also c

A potential or voltage transformer is a step - down transformer employed to transform high - voltage values into fractional values. Measuring instruments such as ammeters, voltmeters, and wattmeters are designed for low - voltage operation. Connecting these measuring devices directly to high - voltage lines for measurement can cause them to burn out or be damaged. Hence, a potential transformer is used for measurement purposes.The primary windings of the potential transformer are directly linked

Definition: A temperature transducer is an electrical device that converts thermal energy into physical quantities such as displacement, pressure, or an electrical signal. Its primary function is to enable the automatic measurement of temperature. The fundamental principle underlying a temperature transducer is to detect heat and then convert this information into a readable format for transmission.​Characteristics of the Temperature Transducer​The input is invariably a thermal quantity.​Transdu

DefinitionAn electrostatic instrument is a device whose operation is based on the principle of attraction or repulsion between electrodes carrying electrical charges. In other words, it is an instrument that utilizes the static electric field to generate the deflecting torque. Electrostatic instruments are employed for measuring both high and low voltages, as well as the power in a given circuit.Working PrincipleThe electrostatic instrument operates on the principle of mechanical interaction bet

Three Phase WattmeterDefinition: A Three - Phase Wattmeter is an instrument employed for measuring the power in a three - phase circuit. In a three - phase Wattmeter, two individual Wattmeter elements are integrated within a single housing. Their moving coils are positioned on the same spindle.Three - Phase Wattmeter StructureA three - phase wattmeter consists of two elements. Each single element is a combination of a pressure coil and a current coil. In the wattmeter, the current coils are rega