A digital oscilloscope is an instrument which stores a digital copy of the waveform in the digital memory which it analyses further using digital signal processing techniques rather than using analogue techniques. It captures the non-repetitive signals and displays it consciously until the device gets reset. In digital storage oscilloscope, signals are received, stored and then displayed. The maximum frequency measured by digital oscilloscope depends upon two things: one is sampling rate of the

Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO) is very important electronic device. CRO is very useful to analyze the voltage wave form of different signals. The main part of CRO is CRT (Cathode Ray Tube). A simple CRT is shown in figure below-When both pairs of the deflection plates (horizontal deflection plates and vertical deflection plates) of CRO (Cathode Ray Oscilloscope) are connected to two sinusoidal voltages, the patterns appear at CRO screen are called the Lissajous pattern.Shape of these Lissajous p

What is a Cathode Ray Oscilloscope?A Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO) is an instrument generally used in a laboratory to display, measure and analyze various waveforms of electrical circuits. A cathode ray oscilloscope is a very fast X-Y plotter that can display an input signal versus time or another signal.Cathode ray oscilloscopes use luminous spots which are produced by striking the beam of electrons and this luminous spot moves in response variation in the input quantity. At this moment one qu

What is a Strain GaugeA strain gauge is a resistor used to measure strain on an object. When an external force is applied on an object, due to which there is a deformation occurs in the shape of the object. This deformation in the shape is both compressive or tensile is called strain, and it is measured by the strain gauge. When an object deforms within the limit of elasticity, either it becomes narrower and longer or it become shorter and broadens. As a result of it, there is a change in resist

What is an Oscillator TransducerAn oscillator transducer is a type of transducer that can be used to measure force, pressure, or displacement by converting it a voltage, which can then be measured by a voltmeter. Oscillator transducer are mostly used as secondary transducers, with their output calibrated in terms of their input quantity. Oscillatory transducer consists of following parts Mechanical linkage Oscillator Frequency modulator Force summing memberMechanical linkage: This is used to lin

Inductive transducers work on the principle of inductance change due to any appreciable change in the quantity to be measured i.e. measured. For example, LVDT, a kind of inductive transducers, measures displacement in terms of voltage difference between its two secondary voltages. Secondary voltages are nothing but the result of induction due to the flux change in the secondary coil with the displacement of the iron bar. Anyway, LVDT is discussed here briefly to explain the principle of inductiv

What is a Temperature Transducer?A Temperature Transducer is a device that converts the thermal quantity into any physical quantity such as mechanical energy, pressure and electrical signals etc. For example, in a thermocouple the electrical potential difference is produced due to temperature difference across its terminals. So, thermocouple is an temperature transducer.Main Features of Temperature Transducers The input to them are always the thermal quantities They generally converts the therma

Definition of LVDTThe term LVDT stands for the Linear Variable Differential Transformer. It is the most widely used inductive transducer that converts the linear motion into the electrical signal.The output across secondary of this transformer is the differential thus it is called so. It is very accurate inductive transducer as compared to other inductive transducers.Construction of LVDTMain Features of Construction The transformer consists of a primary winding P and two secondary windings S1and

What is Piezoelectric TransducerA piezoelectric transducer (also known as a piezoelectric sensor) is a device that uses the piezoelectric effect to measure changes in acceleration, pressure, strain, temperature or force by converting this energy into an electrical charge.A transducer can be anything that converts one form of energy to another. The piezoelectric material is one kind of transducers. When we squeeze this piezoelectric material or apply any force or pressure, the transducer converts

Principle of Tan Delta TestA pure insulator when is connected across line and earth, it behaves as a capacitor. In an ideal insulator, as the insulating material which acts as dielectric too, is 100 % pure, the electric current passing through the insulator, only have capacitive component. There is no resistive component of the current, flowing from line to earth through insulator as in ideal insulating material, there is zero percent impurity.In a pure capacitor, the capacitive electric current