For obtaining maximum fuel combustion efficiency it is required to complete combustion of fuel inside the boiler furnace. For that, the sufficient supply of air and proper mixing of air with fuel are primary requirements. Adequate supply of fuel particles for proper burning also to be maintained.The combustion should produce designated temperature of the steam boiler and maintains it consistently.In addition to these, the methods of firing steam boiler are such that, the system may easily be han

Fluidization is a method of mixing fuel and air in a specific proportion, for obtaining combustion. A fluidized bed may be defined as the bed of solid particles behaving as a fluid. It operates on the principal that when an evenly distributed air is passed upward through a finely divided bed of solid particles at low velocity, the particles remain undisturbed, but if the velocity of air flow is steadily increased, a stage is reached when the individual particles are suspended in the air stream.I

The solid-fuel firing method is inefficient to take care properly the fluctuations of the load. There is a limitation in the combustion process. Solid-fuel firing method is not stable hence not suitable for large capacity thermal power plants. The flue gases contain a large quantity of ash, and for large capacity boiler, it is difficult to separate those ash particles from the exhaust gases during removal through the chimney. Hence, non-pulverized coal firing is not practical for a large boiler.

What is Steam Consumption in a Pipe?Steam consumed and steam utilized at the point of application are not equal. Normally steam consumed or generated in a steam boiler is more than what is required for use at the point of application.The difference in steam consumption and steam utilization is due to: Steam condensation when it travels on its way to point of use mainly due to exposed surfaces. Leakages (if any)When steam condenses on the wall of an exposed/uninsulated steam pipe, it gives up its

Superheated SteamWhen saturated steam generated in steam boiler is further passed through a heat transfer surfaces, then its temperature will starts increasing above evaporation or saturation.Steam is described as super heated, if its temperature is more than that of its saturation temperature. Degree of super-heat is directly related with the temperature of the steam heated above the saturation temperature.Super heat can only be provided to saturated steam and not to steam with presence of mois

What is Dryness Fraction?Steam is said to be dry saturated when at that particular pressure its temperature is equal to the boiling point. It is difficult to produce dry saturated steam in practice and steam will often contains water droplets. So steam generated in the drum of the boiler is often wet and contains some moisture. If the moisture content of the steam is 7% by mass, then the dryness fraction of the steam is said to be 0.93 and that means the steam is only 93% dry.Evaporation Enthalp

Steam flashing is a phenomenon that occurs when pressurized condensate is exposed to a lower pressure, causing some of the water to vaporize into steam. This process can be used to recover energy from the condensate and utilize it for various purposes. In this article, we will explain what steam flashing is, how it differs from normal steam generation, how it can be calculated, and what are its effects and applications.What is Steam Flashing?Steam flashing is defined as the formation of steam fr

A steam distribution system is a vital link between the steam generator and the steam user in any process plant. It carries steam from the central source to the point of use with the right quality, quantity, and pressure. This tutorial will look at the methods of designing, operating, and maintaining an efficient and safe steam distribution system.What is a Steam Distribution System?A steam distribution system is defined as a network of pipes, valves, fittings, and accessories that transport ste

There are different components present in feed water and steam circuit of boiler and we should know some essential components of these circuit and these are Economizer, boiler drums, water tubes, and super heater.Economizer Economizeris a heat exchanger which takes heat from the flue gas, and increases the temperature of feed water coming fromfeed watercommon header to about the saturation temperature corresponding to theboilerpressure. Throwing away the flue gases of high temperature into the a

All natural sources of water contain impurities as well as dissolved gasses. The amount of these impurities depends on type of water source and location.Why it is necessary to treat the raw water?Raw water coming from different sources contains dissolved salts and un-dissolved or suspended impurities. It is necessary to remove harmful salts dissolved into the water before feeding it to the boiler.Because- The deposition of dissolved salts and suspended impurities will form a scale on the inside