Backup O/C & E/F Protection Scheme

What is a Residual Current Circuit Breaker?RCCB DefinitionA Residual Current Circuit Breaker (RCCB) is defined as a safety device that detects and interrupts a circuit when there is a leakage current to the ground.Working PrincipleAn RCCB operates based on Kirchhoff’s current law, which states that the total current entering a node equals the total current leaving it. In a normal circuit, the currents in the live and neutral wires are balanced. If there is a fault, like damaged insulation or con

Overvoltage protection

Medium Voltage Switchgear DefinitionMedium voltage switchgear ranges from 3 KV to 36 KV and is used to manage and protect electrical systems.Types of MV SwitchgearIncludes metal enclosed indoor and outdoor switchgear, and outdoor switchgear without metal enclosures.Short Circuit Current InterruptionThe main focus of circuit breaker design is to that all circuit breakers should be capable of interrupting short circuit current with a high degree of reliability and safety. The number of faulty trip

What is Electrical Switchgear Protection?Switchgear DefinitionA switchgear is defined as all the switching devices used in power system protection. It includes devices for control, metering, and regulating electrical power systems. When assembled logically, these devices form switchgear. In simpler terms, switchgear refers to systems that switch, control, and protect electrical power circuits and equipment.Switchgear and ProtectionWe all know about low voltage switches and re-wirable fuses at ho

What is High Voltage Switchgear?High Voltage Switchgear DefinitionHigh voltage switchgear is defined as equipment that manages voltages above 36KV to ensure safe and efficient power distribution.Main ComponentsHigh voltage circuit breakers, such as air blast, oil, SF6, and vacuum circuit breakers, are essential for interrupting high voltage currents.Essential Features of High Voltage Circuit BreakerThe essential features to be provided in high voltage circuit breaker, to ensure safe and reliable

What is Low Voltage Switchgear?Low Voltage Switchgear DefinitionLow voltage switchgear is defined as electrical switchgear rated up to 1kV, including protective devices like circuit breakers and fuses.Components of LV SwitchgearLV switchgear includes devices such as circuit breakers, isolators, and earth leakage circuit breakers to protect the system.Incomer FunctionThe incomer feeds incoming electrical power to the incomer bus. The switchgear used in the incomer should have a main switching dev

Schematic diagram of working principle of DHX circulating fluidized bed distillation boiler

Earthing DefinitionEarthing of electrical transmission towers is defined as a safety measure where each tower is grounded to prevent electrical hazards.Footing ResistanceMeasuring the footing resistance ensures it is below 10 ohms, crucial for tower safety.Pipe EarthingIn the pipe earthing system, we use a galvanized steel pipe that is 25 mm in diameter and 3 meters long. The pipe is buried vertically in the soil, with its top 1 meter below ground level. If the tower stands on rock, the earthing

What is the Resistance of Earth?Earth Resistance DefinitionAn earth electrode is a metal rod or plate that is buried in the soil and connected to the earth terminal of an electrical system. It provides a low-resistance path for fault currents and lightning surges to dissipate into the ground. It also helps to stabilize the voltage of the system and reduce electromagnetic interference.Earth electrodes can be made from materials like copper, steel, or galvanized iron, chosen for their conductivity