What is a Voltage Sensor?A voltage sensor is a sensor used to calculate and monitor the amount of voltage in an object. Voltage sensors can determine the AC voltage or DC voltage level. The input of this sensor is the voltage, whereas the output is the switches, analog voltage signal, a current signal, or an audible signal.Sensors are devices that can sense or identify and react to certain types of electrical or optical signals. The implementation of a voltage sensor and current sensor technique

What is an RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector)?A Resistance Temperature Detector (also known as a Resistance Thermometer or RTD) is an electronic device used to determine the temperature by measuring the resistance of an electrical wire. This wire is referred to as a temperature sensor. If we want to measure temperature with high accuracy, an RTD is the ideal solution, as it has good linear characteristics over a wide range of temperatures. Other common electronics devices used to measure temp

Let us consider a measurement system. It is composed of an input device which senses the environment or surrounding to generate an output and, a signal processing block which processes the signal from input device and an output device which presents the signal to human or machine operator in a more readable and usable form.The initial stage is input device which is mainly what we are going to discuss in this chapter.SensorA sensor is a device that responds to any change in physical phenomena or

What is a Thermistor?Athermistor(orthermalresistor) is defined as atype of resistorwhoseelectrical resistancevaries with changes in temperature. Although all resistors’ resistance will fluctuate slightly with temperature, a thermistor is particularly sensitive to temperature changes.Thermistors act as a passive component in a circuit. They are an accurate, cheap, and robust way to measure temperature.While thermistors do not work well in extremely hot or cold temperatures, they are the sensor of

A thermopile is a device that converts heat into electricity by using the thermoelectric effect.It consists of several thermocouples, which are pairs of wires made of different metals that generate a voltage when exposed to a temperature difference. Thermocouples are connected in series or sometimes in parallel to form a thermopile, which produces a higher voltage output than a single thermocouple. Thermopiles are used for various applications, such as measuring temperature, generating power, an

What is a Bimetallic Strip Thermometer?A bimetallic strip thermometer is a device that uses the principle of different thermal expansion of solids to measure temperature. It consists of two metal strips (e.g., steel and brass) with different coefficients of thermal expansion, which are firmly joined together along their length. When the bimetallic strip is heated or cooled, it bends or twists due to the unequal expansion or contraction of the two metals. The amount of bending or twisting is prop

What is a Thermocouple?A thermocouple is a device that converts temperature differences into an electric voltage, based on the principle of the thermoelectric effect. It is a type of sensor that can measure temperature at a specific point or location. Thermocouples are widely used in various fields, such as industrial, domestic, commercial, and scientific applications, because of their simplicity, durability, low cost, and wide temperature range.What is the Thermoelectric Effect?The thermoelectr

What is a Watt Hour Meter?A Watt-hour meter is a measuring device that can evaluate and record the electrical power passing through a circuit at a certain time. By implementing a Watt-hour meter, we can know how much electrical energy is used by a home, business, or an electrically powered device. Electrical utilities install watt-hour meters at their consumer’s premises to evaluate their electrical usage (for billing purposes).The reading is taken in each billing period. Usually, the billing un

Energy meters are the basic part to measure the power consumption. It is used everywhere, no matter how big or small consumption it is. It is also known as watt-hour meter. Here we discuss the construction and working principle of induction type energy meter.To understand the structure of watt-hour meter, we must understand the four essential components of the meter. These components are as follows: Driving system Moving system Braking system Registering systemDriving SystemThe components of thi

We cannot think of life without electricity and when there is electricity consumption there is a need to measure its consumption. Here energy meter comes into picture. In every residence, malls, industry, everywhere energy meters are used to measure the electrical energy consumed. Those consumers which consume large energy needs better technology to manage their energy consumption and need more data to improve their services. Improvement in energy meter technology has increased the value-added f