A cooling tower is a device that rejects waste heat to the atmosphere through the cooling of a coolant stream, usually a water stream, to a lower temperature. Cooling towers are widely used in industrial processes that require heat removal, such as power generation, refrigeration, air conditioning, and chemical processing. Cooling towers can be classified into different types based on their airflow, water flow, heat transfer method, and shape. Some common types of cooling towers are natural draf

There are mainly three types of jet condensers. Low level condenser. High level condenser. Ejector condenser.Low Level CondenserHere condenser chamber is placed at low elevation and overall height of the unit is low enough so that the condenser may be directly placed beneath the steam turbine, pump or pumps are required to extract the cooling water condensate and air from the condenser.Low level jet condensers are of two types- Counter Flow Parallel Flow Jet Condenser.Let discuss this jet conden

What is a Steam Condenser for a Turbine?A steam condenser for a turbine is a device that converts the low-pressure exhaust steam from asteam turbineinto water by using cooling water. The main function of a steam condenser for a turbine is to maintain a low back pressure on the exhaust side of the steam turbine, which increases the efficiency and output of the power plant.The exhaust steam from the turbine has to expand to a large extent to convert its available energy into mechanical work. If th

A surface steam condenser is a device that cools and condenses the exhaust steam from a steam turbine in a thermal power plant or other applications that use steam. The main purpose of a surface steam condenser is to increase the efficiency of the turbine by creating a low-pressure environment at the turbine outlet and to recover the pure water from the steam for reuse as boiler feed water.A surface steam condenser consists of a shell that contains a large number of tubes through which cooling w

The world is slowly but continually moving towards a greener future. There is much excitement among engineers about the prospects of greener technology. However, coal-based power plants are still the primary source of electrical power in many countries. Baring few countries in the world like Norway or Iceland, all other countries depend heavily on coal to produce the bulk of the electricity demand. Coal necessitates that we use some technology to reduce the pollution that is caused by such power

Electrostatic precipitators have become the norm now in industries. Due to strict regulation and ever-increasing air pollution, installing one in a thermal power plant or any other power plants where flue gases are released, have become a necessity. But whether electrostatic precipitators perform the function expected from them can be determined by measuring the efficiency of the device. Different industries have different efficiency requirement. We are going to figure out a way to find the effi

Electrostatic precipitators are mandatory nowadays in thermal power plants and other power plants where there is a discharge of flue gases. With ever increasing concern about environmental pollution and the need to reduce it, electrostatic precipitators have become a necessity. Electrostatic precipitator uses the high-intensity electric field to ionise the dust particles in the air stream, and then the dust particles get collected by oppositely charged collectors (electrodes). The dust particles

Electrostatic precipitators are ubiquitous nowadays in thermal power plants due to ever-increasing concern about environmental pollution. Electrostatic precipitator uses the high-intensity electric field to ionise the dust particles in the air stream and then the dust particles are collected by oppositely charged collectors (electrodes). The dust particles, once collected are removed from the collector plates periodically by hammering the collectors by a different mechanism.But all devices have

The flue gases produced due to the combustion of solid pulverized fuel in the furnace contain plenty of dust particles.When a chimney releases these flue gases in the atmosphere without filtering these dust particles, the atmosphere may get polluted.Hence, these dust particles need to be removed from the flue gases as much as possible before these flue gases get discharged into the atmosphere. By removing the dust particles from flue gases, we can control air pollution.An electrostaticprecipitat

Electric Arc Furnace means an extremely hot enclosed space, where heat is produced by means of electrical arcing for melting certain metals such as scrap steel without changing electro-chemical properties of the metal.Here, electric arc is produced between the electrodes. This electric arc is used for melting the metal. The arc furnaces are used to produce mini steel structural bars and steel rods. The electric furnace is in form of a vertical vessel of fire brick. There are mainly two types of