What is LVDT?Definition of LVDTThe LVDT, or Linear Variable Differential Transformer, is an inductive transducer that converts linear motion into an electrical signal. It is highly valued for its precision and reliability.The output across secondary of this transformer is the differential thus it is called so. It is very accurate inductive transducer as compared to other inductive transducers.Construction of LVDTMain Features of Construction The transformer consists of a primary winding P and tw

Three Phase Power Measurement DefinitionThree phase power measurement involves using different methods to determine the total power in a three-phase circuit, depending on the number of wattmeters used.Three Wattmeters MethodUses three wattmeters connected to each phase and neutral line in a four-wire system to measure total power by summing individual readings.The circuit diagram is shown below-This method is used for three-phase four-wire systems. The coils of the three wattmeters are connected

Electrodynamometer Wattmeter DefinitionAn electrodynamometer type wattmeter measures electrical power by using the interaction between magnetic fields and electric currents.Working PrincipleNow let us look at constructional details of electrodynamometer. It consists of following parts.There are two types of coils present in the electrodynamometer. They are :Moving CoilThe moving coil moves the pointer with the help of a spring control instrument. To prevent overheating, a limited current flows t

Low Power Factor Wattmeter DefinitionA low power factor wattmeter is an instrument used to measure low values of power factor accurately.Why Standard Wattmeters FailThe value of deflecting torque is very low even though we fully excite the current and pressure coils.Errors due to pressure coil inductance.The above two reasons give very inaccurate results thus we should not use normal or ordinary watt meters in measuring the low value of the power factor.Low Power Factor Wattmeter DesignThe modif

What is a Digital Frequency Meter?Digital Frequency Meter DefinitionA digital frequency meter is defined as an instrument that accurately measures and displays the frequency of periodic electrical signals.FunctionIt counts and displays the number of events occurring within a set time interval, resetting after each interval.Operating PrincipleA frequency meter converts the sinusoidal voltage of the frequency into unidirectional pulses. The input signal’s frequency is displayed as a count, average

How to Use a Digital Multimeter?Digital Multimeter DefinitionA digital multimeter is defined as a device that measures electrical parameters like voltage, current, and resistance, displaying the results digitally.Main PartsThe main parts of a digital multimeter include the display, selection switch, ports, and probes, each crucial for accurate measurements.Measuring CurrentTo measure current with a digital multimeter, it mimics an ammeter. Insert the red probe into the mA socket for low current

Digital Voltmeter DefinitionA digital voltmeter is an electronic device that measures voltage by converting the analog signal into digital data and displaying it numerically.Working PrincipleThe block diagram of a simple digital voltmeter is shown in the figure.Input Signal: This is the voltage that needs to be measured.Pulse generator: Actually it is a voltage source. It uses digital, analog or both techniques to generate a rectangular pulse. The width and frequency of the rectangular pulse is

What is a Water Meter?Water Meter DefinitionA water meter is a type of flow meter which is used to monitor the flow rate of water through a pipe. There are two common approaches to water flow measurement – displacement and velocity. Common displacement designs include oscillating piston and nutating disc meters. Velocity-based designs include single and multi-jet meters and turbine meters.Types of Water MetersGear Type Water Flow MeterGenerally, all residential water meters are of positive displ

What is a Flow Meter?Flow Meter DefinitionA flow meter is defined as a device that measures the flow rate of solids, liquids, or gases. Types of Flow Meters Mechanical Flow Meters Optical Flow Meters Open Channel Flow MetersMechanical Flow MetersPositive Displacement Flow MetersThese meters measure flow rate by capturing the fluid in a chamber and measuring its volume. This is similar to filling a bucket with water to a specific level and then letting it flow out.These flow meters can measure in

What is an Ohmmeter?Ohmmeter DefinitionAn ohmmeter is defined as a device that measures electrical resistance, indicating how much a material opposes electric current.Ohmmeters typesSeries Type OhmmeterThe ohmmeter connects a battery, a series adjustable resistor, and a meter for readings. The resistance to be measured is connected at terminal OB. When the circuit is completed, current flows, and the meter shows the deflection.When the resistance to be measured is very high then the current in t