What is a Transfer Function?DC Gain DefinitionDC gain is the ratio of the steady-state output to the steady-state input of a control system when given a step input.Transfer FunctionA transfer function represents the relationship between a control system’s input and output using the Laplace transform.Final Value TheoremThe final value theorem helps find the DC gain by evaluating the transfer function at zero for continuous systems.Continuous vs. Discrete SystemsDC gain calculations differ between

What is Rise Time?Rise Time DefinitionRise time is defined as the duration it takes for a signal to increase from 10% to 90% of its steady value, indicating how quickly a signal changes.Rise Time FormulaThe rise time formula varies based on the system type.Calculation MethodTo calculate rise time, use the transfer function to determine time constants and calculate the times when the signal reaches 10% and 90% of its final value.Practical MeasurementRise time is typically measured using an oscill

Simple electronic alarm circuit

Homemade mobile phone emergency charger

Light source tracker circuit diagram

Make a circuit with a safe voltage that can be regulated

Automatic lighting circuit controled by low voltage

Change the polarity of the armature voltage of DC motor to realize the forward and reverse turning circuit

Cut the starting resistance of DC motor at electricity

Cut the starting resistance of DC motor at time