Drift velocity is defined as the net velocity of a particle that undergoes random changes in direction and speed. This concept is typically associated with free electrons moving within a conductor. Imagine these free electrons traversing the conductor with arbitrary speeds and in random directions. When an electric field is applied across the conductor, the haphazardly moving electrons encounter an electrical force aligned with the field direction.This applied field, however, doesn’t curtail the

AC circuits are usually three-phase for electrical distribution and electrical transmission purposes. Single phase circuits are commonly used in our domestic supply system.The total power of a three-phase AC circuit is equal to three times the single phase power.So if the power in a single phase of a three-phase system is ‘P’, then the total power of the three-phase system would by 3P (provided the three-phase system is perfectly balanced).But if the three-phase system is not exactly balanced, t

Similarly, the potential difference between two points is defined as the work required to be done for bringing a unit positive charge from one point to other point.When a body is charged, it can attract an oppositely charged body and can repulse a similar charged body. That means, the charged body has ability of doing work. That ability of doing work of a charged body is defined as electrical potential of that body.If two electrically charged bodies are connected by a conductor, the electrons st

What is Electric Charge?Every matter in this universe is made of atoms. The atoms are electrically neutral. This is because, each atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Protons have positive charge. In an atom, protons sit in the central nucleus along with electrically neutral neutrons. The protons are strongly bounded in the nucleus.So, protons cannot be detached from the nucleus by any normal process. Each electron revolves round the nucleus in definite orbit in the atom. Electrons ha

These are the questions which come in our minds every time when we are dealing with AC circuits.Suppose, we have a simple DC circuit (figure – 1) and we want to replicate it in an AC circuit. We got every thing same, except supply voltage which is now to be an AC supply voltage. Now, the question is what should be the value of AC supply voltage so that our circuit works exactly same as that of DC.Let us put same value of AC supply voltage (AC Vpeak = 10 volt) which is in our DC circuit. By doing

The superposition theorem is a fundamental principle in electrical engineering that states that the response of a linear system to any input can be represented as the sum of the responses to individual inputs. In other words, the output of a linear system to a combination of inputs is equal to the sum of the outputs that would be produced by each input individually.The superposition theorem states that:“In any linear bilateral network with multiple sources, the response (voltage and current) in

Thevenin’s Theorem is a principle in electrical engineering that allows the complex impedance of an electric circuit to be reduced to a single equivalent impedance. It states that any linear, two-terminal electrical network can be represented by an equivalent circuit consisting of a single voltage source in series with a single impedance. The voltage of the source is the open-circuit voltage of the network, and the impedance is the impedance seen looking into the circuit with the voltage source

Norton’s Theorem is a principle in electrical engineering that allows the complex impedance of an electric circuit to be reduced to a single equivalent impedance. It states that any linear, two-terminal electrical network can be represented by an equivalent circuit consisting of a single current source in parallel with a single impedance. The current of the source is the short-circuit current of the network, and the impedance is the impedance seen looking into the circuit with the current source

Before understanding the basic working principle of Cyclotron it is necessary to understand force on a moving charged particle in a magnetic field and also motion of the charged particle in the magnetic field.Force on a Moving Charged Particle in a Magnetic FieldWhen a current carrying conductor of length L metre with current I ampere placed perpendicularly in a magnetic field of flux density B Weber per metre square, then the force rather to say magnetic force acting on the conductor would beNo

Millman’s Theorem is a principle in electrical engineering that allows the complex impedance of a series of resistors and voltage sources to be reduced to a single equivalent impedance. It states that any series circuit consisting of a number of resistors and voltage sources can be represented by an equivalent circuit consisting of a single resistor in parallel with a single voltage source. The resistor is the equivalent resistance of the circuit, and the voltage of the source is the equivalent