Controlled Switching Devices in the Medium Voltage RangeOver three decades ago, Controlled Switching Devices (CSDs) were first introduced to mitigate switching transients caused by high voltage circuit breakers connected to shunt reactors and capacitor banks. Subsequent research expanded their application to transmission lines and power transformers. Initially, these devices optimized switching moments on a per-phase basis using independently pole-operated circuit breakers (IPO).Recently, the su