I. Definitions of Losses in IEC 6007IEC 60076-1 (General Requirements) and IEC 60076-7 (Loading Guidelines) specify two core types of losses:No-load Loss (P0)Definition: Losses measured when the primary winding is energized at rated voltage and the secondary winding is open-circuited (dominated by core losses).Test ConditionsMeasured at rated frequency and voltage (typically sinusoidal power frequency).Corrected to reference temperature (75°C for oil-immersed transformers, 115°C for dry-

Life Cycle Cost Analysis of Power Transformers Based on IEC StandardsCore Framework Under IEC StandardsAccording to IEC 60300-3-3, the life cycle cost (LCC) of power transformers includes five stages:Initial Investment Costs: Procurement, installation, and commissioning (e.g., 20% of total LCC for a 220kV transformer).Operational Costs: Energy losses (60%-80% of LCC), maintenance, and inspections (e.g., annual savings of 2,600 kWh for a 1250kVA dry-type transformer).Decommissioning Costs: Residu