Insulators serve as critical components in electrical systems by blocking electrical current conduction, thereby ensuring safe and stable operation. Utilizing high resistivity properties (e.g., resistivity of ceramics/glass >10¹² Ω·m), they prevent unintended charge flow between conductors, effectively mitigating risks of short-circuit faults or leakage currents.

In high-voltage transmission lines, insulator strings withstand voltages exceeding tens of thousands of volts, maintaining robust electrical isolation between conductors and supporting structures. For instance, porcelain insulators exhibit operational tolerance above 35kV