Definition
The maximum value of the reverse voltage that a PN junction or diode can withstand without damage is termed the Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV). This PIV rating is specified and explained in the datasheet provided by the manufacturer.
However, if the voltage across the junction under reverse bias exceeds this specified value, the junction will be damaged.
As shown in the figure above, a PN junction or diode is commonly used as a rectifier, i.e., to convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). Therefore, it should be noted that during the negative half-cycle of the AC voltage, its peak value must not exceed the rated value of the diode's Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV).
